Will "Tororo Issues" decide the election results in West and East Budama come 2026?

Current and former MPs from Tororo

BELOW are the results of the last election ahead of what is likely to be contentious elections 2026, with the future of Tororo at stake. SOURCE VISIBLE POLLS.ORG (click to read)

🔴 I was on the road and off air 6 hours yesterday & when I logged online, I found that H.E President Museveni was in Tororo saying many things and yet most CONSEQUENTIAL JAP FORUMs were silent like nothing happened. The Jopadhola have given up on 'Tororo issues' it seems pic.twitter.com/nRfB2uUSMP

— Louis Jadwong (@Jadwong) September 14, 2024 

Tororo, Uganda | Remarks by President Yoweri Museveni last week on what was an ordinary visit, could turn out to be decisive in the 2026 elections in the mineral-rich district.

President Yoweri Museveni, among other things, admonished 'Badaama' and Iteso, alleging that each do not want the other to speak their language. 

He had a point, but by dwelling on the least of the worries of the residents of Tororo, he reignited fears that the President might not be sensitive enough to matters that have stagnated Tororo's development politically and economically for two decades. 

"The issue of friction between the Iteso and Badaama is puzzling. Why would a Mudaama have a problem with an Iteso speaking his own dialect and vice versa?" asked Museveni.

The quest for districts and a city status have divided residents of Tororo and manifested itself in many areas of the lives of the residents.

Key to the conflict is demand by residents of Tororo county for a separate district, alleging marginalization by the Jopadhola ethnicity group.

However, a look at the district chairs over the past 30 years shows leaders have previously come from Busia, Bunyole, Bugwere, even an Atesot. This would contradict the allegation of Jopadhola marginalising others.

There is is also no empirical evidence that one group prevents the other from speaking their language. "This is a figment of the creation of some self- seekers, mostly politicians who ride on ethnicity to seek votes," an expert on Tororo matters said.

"What is the situation like in present day Tororo District. Look at population of the various peoples in Tororo District. Naturally the larger the number, the higher the amount of influence in matters but this should not be to the prejudice of the peoples with lesser numbers! " 

Okoth Nyalulu, a long time former RDC and now on the Council of Elders of The Adhola Cultural Institution (TACI) weighed in by saying,  "Many people, and without fear of contradiction, even the President, have not understood what is contentious in the 'Tororo question'. The question is not a mere location of the Municipality or Jopadhola against Iteso per se."

"It is a question of Rights. Through the history of migration, the Jopadhola have Heritage and Aboriginal Rights over the whole Tororo. Tororo was acquired and secured through pouring blood by our ancestors, and it became a Heritage for the Jopadhola," Nyalulu explained to LJ Files.

On the quest for a city, Nyalulu remarked, "Is there a demand for a City in Tororo and the answer is Yes. Tororo Municipality, and even the Town before it was the third most industrialized in Uganda and it is a gate way to Uganda by road and potentially by air," elder Nyalulu remarked recently."

He went to add that "Tororo Municipality was one of the eleven Municipalities that implemented the program of Uganda Support for the Municipal Infrastructure Development, (USMID). All the other ten have been elevated to City status except Tororo."

As the debate raged in the past week on social media, Kampala lawyer Charles Owor concluded that, "Badaama or Jopadhola, whatever you call us... Let us pursue how best to exploit the resources for everyone's benefit, whether you arrived and settled in yesterday or were there a long time ago! We share a common destiny and strive to pursue common goals!"

The Deputy Prime Minster (Deputy Jago) of TACI, Jag Adrian Owor jumped into the debate, worried that there is a misunderstanding about the issues in Tororo.

"I find the use of Teso in many comments about Tororo disturbing. Whereas there are Iteso living in Tororo district there is no Teso in Tororo. People should make a distinction between Iteso (the people) and Teso (a subregion which starts from Bukedea district to Katakwi)."

The issue of Tororo county taking over the historical headquarters of the Jopadhola plus the Tororo Rock has created unease for decades. In 2019, current Uganda Defence Minister Oboth Oboth raised it to a religious level, saying Tororo town was 'our Jerusalem' in parliament in 2019. 

A team had earlier been sent to London to try resolve the impasse, by looking at old maps, but it came to naught.

Oboth argued in parliament that, "what took us to London archives was not about boundaries but the historicity of ethnic settlements in Tororo. The boundary dispute is between who and who? East Budaama and West Budaama, Jopadhola and  Iteso live together. Both sides are mixed through inter-marriages."

History Prof Pontian Okoth was more categorical.

"There is no fight between the Iteso and Japs, they have existed with each other for a long time and now genetically entangled, so the fighting was brought to divert the thinking. The Iteso in Tororo never came from Soroti but instead from Kenya as you can see in the map and have never had issues with the Japs."

Status of Tororo district Constituencies Ahead of 2026 decider! Tororo issues     Data compiled by Louis Jadwong Polls 2026 Ltd (✳source VISIBLE POLLS.org)
NAME	INCUMBENT	Others
Tororo Municipality Constituency	Apollo Yeri Ofwono National Resistance Movement   ✳ 5,169 votes	Okware Edward ✳ 4,564 votes Raganyi Ibrahim Yusuf ✳ 1,174 votes Olweny Charles ✳1,034 votes Emojong Deogratius ✳ 686 votes Ayeyo Silvanus ✳ 182 votes Othieno Romanus ✳ 78 votes Ochwo Godfrey ✳ 67 votes Kaikede Olowo John Stephen ✳ 36 votes
West Budama Central Constituency	Oboth Marksons Jacob National Resistance Movement Candidate (MP).   ✳ 12,084 votes	Okoth Geoffrey Oita ✳7,610 Oturo Jesse Eridad ✳ 468 vote Kirya Moses Isiko ✳ 376 votes Onno Zachariah ✳ 167 votes Oluka John Paul ✳ 103 votes Laaro Peter Ayeka ✳ 50 votes Oketch Ojiek Lazzarus ✳ 0 votes
West Budama South Constituency	Otiam Emmanuel Otaala National Resistance Movement   ✳ 13,648 votes	Owor Franklin ✳ 4,603 votes Akika Emmanuel Othieno ✳ 3,527 votes Katandi Joseph ✳ 739 votes Ongawi Kennedy ✳ 386 votes Oguti Albert Mathias ✳ 75 votes
West Budama North Constituency	Ochai Maximus National Resistance Movement   ✳10,981 votes	Othieno Okoth Richard ✳ 9,856 Owori John Paul ✳1,584 votes Okello Peter Jabweli ✳ 784 votes Alira David Pechokisika Opii ✳278 votes Akichere Gloria Oburu ✳ 175 votes Okongo Leo ✳ 85 votes Aluki George ✳ 24 votes and lost the election
West Budama North East Constituency	Odoi Oywelowo Fox National Resistance Movement   ✳ 11,398	Ogandi Denis Peter ✳  7,171 votes Nyero Vincent ✳  1,572 votes Osinde Owor Okongo Jimmy ✳ 1,051 votes Kayala Micky ✳ 176 votes Osinde Benard ✳  100 votes
Tororo North Constituency	Ekanya Geofrey Forum for Democratic Change   ✳   9,674 votes	Nyakecho Annet ✳ 9,563 votes Othieno Godfrey ✳ 5,834 votes Ekileut James Peter ✳ 201 votes Obbo Johnson Independent ✳131 votes Otabong Charles Jonjo ✳ 122 votes Kalani Isaac ✳51 votes
Tororo women MP position	Achieng Sarah Opendi Candidate for Women Representative (MP) - Tororo National Resistance Movement candidate.   ✳ 76,662 votes	Ayo Jancita Independent ✳ 69,011 votes   Abbo Rose Mary Owere ✳ 7,398 Ojaka Diana ✳ 2,991 votes Abwin Sarah Emojong ✳ 1,290 votes

 Clamor for district

The clamor for districts in Uganda started in the 80s, and saw one of the then biggest districts in the country Tororo (once also called Budama and was part of Bukedi) reduced to a shell. 

Residents of of Tororo county demanded a district that included Tororo town, and a man in Molo subcounty ate a live rat in front of President Museveni in 2005 to demonstrate their desire.

Elders of Padhola had no issue with a district being offered to those of Tororo country, but said it should not be linked to having Tororo town, now municipality, as their capital. They advised a new capital be named from their area.

It is important to note that President Yoweri Museveni soon after in 2006 granted the new district with the headquarters to be located in Mukuju. The Iteso rejected the headquarters in Mukuju claiming Tororo town was their land.

The Jopadhola were enraged as they insist Tororo is their land and headquarters, and cannot just be given out like that.

President Yoweri Museveni also directed that the matter be resolved using the “colonial boundaries” in order to determine where the municipality should be located in the event of a split of the district.

At that point, Professor Oloka Onyango spoke out .

The Makerere University don argued against this in 2017, saying that, " Where a new district has been created, the towns/municipalities have remained the headquarters of the old “mother” district. All the new districts have established new headquarters. This has created a precedent followed without exception. "

" I appeal to the good sense of every citizen of Tororo specifically and Uganda in general to emerge from this narrow, sectarian and selfishly-motivated politicking. Has the creation of 78 new districts since 1995 really improved service-delivery at the local government level?," Onyango argued in a 2017 presentation.

Expert insist that if the main contention is not so much as the creation of these would be ethnic based district, but the location of Tororo Municipality; then against the precedent mentioned by Prof. Oloka Onyango, elevate it to city status and then no one has ethnically based claim to it and it becomes another district with no ethnic connotation. Lately, even smaller towns have become cities!

A map of West and East Budama that
originally formed Tororo district

Origins of Tororo district

Bukedi District was a subdivision of the Eastern Province of the Uganda Protectorate, with headquarters in Mbale. In the early 1920s Bukedi was divided into the Budama, Bugisu and Bugwere districts. 

These were recombined into Mbale District during World War II (1939–1945), then split in 1954 into a new, smaller Bukedi District to the west and Bugisu District to the east, sharing Mbale Township as their administrative headquarters. In 1968 the administrative headquarters of Bukedi District were moved to Tororo. Later Bukedi District was split up into a number of smaller districts.

In all these arrangements, Bugwere and Bugisu were separated again, and Bugwere was again combined with Budama to create Bukedi District. The district contained the counties of Pallisa, Budaka-Bugwere, Bunyole, West Budama, Tororo, and Samia-Bugwe.

All these have in the 80s and 90s broken off, leaving a shell of Tororo.

Tororo historically comprised West and Eastern Budama, according the Prof Pontian Okoth who has written a book on the history of Padhola from 1500.

According to Prof Okoth, at some point, the colonial state was thrown into confusion by the state of disunity among Jopadhola clans and between the Jopadhola and the Iteso community based in Tororo.

The Nyapolo Ogule clan which was the dominant clan and predominantly catholic wanted to rule Padhola. This could not be allowed by the other clans, most of which were Protestants. They had many of their children who had obtained formal education, they also had the support of the colonial state.

The Iteso wanted a special status because of their numbers that had arrived from Kenya . 

The Jopadhola could not allow this kind of development noting Budama was their land.  

Jopadhola elders always argued that this would result in ethnically based administrative units which would fail to take cognizance of the history and aboriginal claims of the Japs. 

The colonial state had nevertheless decided in 1938, to divide Budama County into East and West making two County headquarter for easy administration. 

West Budama remained with the original headquarter at Kisoko while East Budama had its headquarter at Mukuju. Both headquarters were equidistant (6 miles) from the Main Post office at Tororo. Both religions and inter-clan conflicts were serious problems in Padhola.

Tororo, being a key railway and road link to Kenya and the rest of the country, was still the third most powerful industrial town in Uganda by the time NRM came to power in 1986.

The rest of the people in Tororo preferred that instead of Tororo being part of the new district being demanded for, it becomes a city to serve all.

Kwar Adhola's stand

Kwar Adhola Moses Stephen Owor, 98, is the King and cultural head of the Jopadhola. He has been consistent on stating that Tororo welcomes visitors for the sake of harmony. Indeed Tororo was at one time referred to as the "United Nations of Uganda" because of many tribes living peacefully together.

Kwara has previously had face to face discussions with both the late Emorimor Papa Osubani and the current one Emoloit and gave them the message; unity of purpose, even with diversity in cultures.

That has been his stand even in meetings with President Yoweri Museveni, where he has actually stated that the Jopadhola have no problem being to referred to, as they rightly should, as Badaama.That was the source of the names West Budama and East Budama.

Deputy Katikkiro of Buganda Ssendaula (left)  delivers a message from
 The Kabaka of Buganda Ronald Mutebi to
 King of the Jopadhola, the Kwar Adhola Moses Owor. 
 The Adhola Kingdom Prime Minister Josel Obbo is middle.
This was at the Adha Adhola funeral rites in Tororo in 2017

He explained that the name Wadama originated from a mis presentation of the word "widoma" in Dhopadhola meaning you will see or you have seen my strength or might. When enemies heard the Jopadhola warriors chanting this they thought that was the name of the people fighting them. Hence Wadama instead of widoma.

However Prof Pontian Okoth is not having any of it.

"There is no need for unnecessary confusion. What is wrong with calling ourselves Jopadhola? We should always remember that we are descendants of Adhola. That is the original history 'widoma' 'wadama' ' Badama',etc,true but these were later concoctions. Let us, therefore, return to our roots, I suggest, without insinuating that the debate ends."

******

RELATED STORIES

King of the Jopadhola Moses Owor says Tororo for all, calls for unity (click to read)

https://www.independent.co.ug/king-jopadhola-moses-owor-says-tororo-calls-unity/

An abridged history of Padhola, 1500 - 1999

https://www.independent.co.ug/an-abridged-history-of-padhola-1500-1999/

Jopadhola emboldened by Luo elders’ visit, says Adhola king

https://www.independent.co.ug/jopadhola-emboldened-by-luo-elders-visit-says-adhola-king/

Colonial boundaries no solution to Tororo District split controversy

https://www.independent.co.ug/colonial-boundaries-no-solution-tororo-district-split-controversy/

Video

Independent Magazine UG · Jago Obbo Speaks on Tororo issues

Eight instances in life where staying silent is the best thing to do

Know when to keep silent

BY Mark Olweny-Omalla

In life, the moments we choose to stay silent often speak louder than any words we could utter. Silence, when used wisely, can be a powerful tool for handling various situations effectively. Whether it’s cooling down during an argument, listening more intently, or deciding not to engage in gossip, knowing when to hold your tongue can change the outcome of many scenarios for the better. 

In this article, I explore eight specific instances where silence isn’t just golden, but is advantageous. It  allows you to navigate your life with more wisdom and grace.

1. When you’re angry

We’ve all been here. Caught in the heat of an argument, emotions are high and everyone’s on the defensive. It’s in these instances that staying silent can be  most beneficial. When we’re angry, we tend to say things we don’t mean and later regret. It’s a knee-jerk reaction to protect ourselves and our ego.

But, is it really worth it?

Choosing to hold your tongue can prevent a lot of unnecessary heartache and damage. It allows you to gather your thoughts, calm your emotions, and respond in a more controlled manner once the storm has passed. And it’s not just me saying this, in fact, many wise people have expressed similar views that everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding of ourselves. So next time you’re fuming, remember silence may just be the best response.

2. When you’re unsure

Confession time! I hav been guilty before of trying to sound knowledgeable about a topic I knew little about. But guess what? It backfired. I was in a meeting discussing the movements of the Luo. Wanting to impress, I jumped in with my thoughts, only to realise they were unfounded and wrong. The room went silent and it was painfully clear that I had no clue about what I was talking about. Silence would’ve been golden, before I made my views heard, in that instance. If you’re unsure about something or lack the necessary information, it’s okay to stay quiet. It gives you the chance to listen, learn, and gather the information needed to form an educated opinion. As the old saying goes, “Better to remain silent and be thought a fool than to speak and remove all doubt that you are actually a fool”.  

3. When you’re listening

Listening is an art that not everyone has mastered. In my journey as a mindfulness enthusiast, I have learned that listening truly to someone, can make a huge difference. It’s when we are silent and attentive that we are able to comprehend and understand what the other person is saying. It shows respect and allows for effective communication. It is about being present, but letting the other person speak, without planning your response or interrupting with your own story. 

4. When criticism isn’t constructive

Criticism is a tricky area. When it is constructive, it can lead to growth and improvement.  But when it is plain negative, it can be damaging and unproductive. We are more likely to remember and react to negative experiences than positive ones. This means that negative criticism can stick with us and affect our self-esteem and performance. So, what should you do when you’re faced with unconstructive criticism? Stay silent. Responding to negative criticism often just fuels the fire and wastes your energy. Instead, choose not to engage. Take a moment to reflect on whether there’s any truth to the criticism. If there isn’t, let it slide. How people treat you is their karma; how you react is yours. So, choose silence as your reaction to unconstructive criticism.

5. When your silence can speak volumes

Here’s a twist. Sometimes, staying silent is the loudest statement you can make. Sounds paradoxical, right? There are moments when you are expected to react, to defend yourself, to argue back. But what if you don’t? What if you choose silence instead? In those instances, your silence can be a powerful tool. It can communicate your disapproval, your boundaries, or your refusal to engage in negativity.

6. When someone else is taking credit for your work

It’s a tough situation to be in. You have worked hard on a project or function, only for someone else to swoop in and take the credit. It is natural to want to stand up and shout about your involvement. But, is that the best course of action?  Does calling them out publicly benefit you or does it make you look petty? Is there a way to handle it privately? Often, staying silent at the moment and addressing the situation later can be more beneficial. This protects your professional image, and reduces workplace drama.

7. When you are processing grief or loss

Grief is a heavy burden to bear. When loss hits, it can feel like a tidal wave of emotions that leaves you gasping for air.

People often feel the need to fill the silence with words of comfort, condolences, or even well-meaning advice.

But sometimes, all you need is SILENCE. It allows you to process your emotions, to reflect, and to just be with your feelings. It Is okay not to have any words to say. It is okay not to be okay. And it’s more than okay to seek silence and solitude when you are navigating the rough waters of grief.

8. When you’re tempted to gossip

We all know how enticing a juicy piece of gossip can be. It’s like a siren’s song, luring us into sharing it with others. But here’s the thing, gossip breeds negativity. It can harm relationships, damage reputations, and create a toxic environment. When the temptation to gossip strikes, staying silent can be your best bet. It shows your integrity and prevents unnecessary drama. Abstaining from gossip also helps in fostering a positive and trustworthy image for yourself among your peers. After all, if you don’t spread gossip about others, they are more likely to trust that you won’t spread it about them either.

 Reflecting on the power of silence.

Understanding when to remain silent can significantly enhance the quality of both our interactions and our internal peace. The above eight scenarios underscore the diverse benefits of choosing silence - from avoiding unnecessary conflicts and fostering deeper understanding to preserving personal dignity and strengthening emotional resilience.

Silence is not about inaction; rather, it’s a strategic choice that can lead to more thoughtful and impactful actions. By recognizing the power of silence in these instances, we equip ourselves with a subtle yet strong tool to enhance our relationships and personal well-being.

Remember, sometimes the most powerful thing you can say is nothing at all.

******

Mark Olweny-Omalla,  Koch Clan Leader.

e-mail: markolweny_omalla@yahoo.com

The development of Dhopadhola

Among the approved O-level subjects examined by 
the National Examinal Board is dhopadhola 

By Gabriel Obbo-Katandi

Padhola through the leadership of His Highness Kwar Adhola has embraced the government's White Paper of 1992, that introduces policies that aim to eradicate literacy and emphasizes teaching nursery and lower primary pupils, in a language they are familiar with - preferablily their mother language.

The  main emphasis of the  curriculum developed then was the development of learners' skill in numeracy, literary and  life skills. All these were thought better done in a language that the learners are familiar with. In case of Jopadhola children in Padhola, this was dhopadhola

To meet the  requirements of the  Ministry of the  Education and Sport then, Kwar Adhola and The Adhola Cultural Institution (TACI) introduced a ministry of  Dhopadhola Development and a language  Board.

The Dhopadhola Language  Board developed dhopadhola authography which was accepted by  Ministry  of Education and Sport after the  approval process by National Curriculum Development Centre in Kyambogo.  

The  completion of this stage enabled the official acceptance of the dhopadhola language to be used as medium of  instruction in nursery and  lower primary (P-3)  in all dhopadhola  speaking areas  

That stage also allowed Dhopadhola to be taught in Padhola as a subject. 

Dhopadhola is  now asubject from Primary 4 though to Primary 7. The development of Dhopadhola Authography has enabled it  to be taught as one of the elective subjects at lower secondary  education in  Uganda. 

At O-level, among the National Curriculum approved subjects is dhopadhola and indeed at the National Examinal Board, and we have had several candidates at the level in the past few years. 

Makerere University the school of linguistics offers dhopadhola as one the  languages of study among the Luo languages.  We now have candidates who are taking Dhopadhola as a language of study for Doctorate of philosophy PhD.  

These achievements have  come with a number of challenges.

At the district of Tororo headquarters,  where the  Language Board  for  Dhopadhola is supposed to operate from, there has been very little support realised.

Despite  the existance of authograph  many people have not adopted it's use.  This is common even among those who attempt to write dhopadhola books

Archbishop Obbo hands Museveni a bible
Although the churches  (Christians) have the Holy Bible
in dhopadhola, they need to have a deliberate effort to help their
 institutions to use correct dhopadhola in spoken and written from

Many people speak very poor dhopadhola. These may be common because schools for over 50 years have not put much interest in ensuring proper dhopadhola is spoken and written. The  situation of dhopadhola at family and community is  probabily even worse.

Because of lack of resources, not many activities have occured to develop dhopadhola beyond the approval process and the use of dhopadhola in educational institutions. 

Although the churches  (Christians) have the Holy Bible in dhopadhola, they need to have a deliberate effort to help their institutions to use correct dhopadhola in spoken and written from.

Probabily you and me  are waiting for occasion when the Tieng Adhola  Cultural Institution will fully adopt and adopt to the use of dhopadhola since it is the institutions official language.

Use of Dhopadhola in school was also done with inadequate preparations for  teachers. Therefore Dhopadhola as a subject does not have firm custodians in the educational institutions. 

We badly need  resources to support the growth of correct dhopadhola among  our people.

It is a strong hope that with help of the new radio station, the coming television together with increased activities among the Jopadhola,  we shall over come some of these challege.

With  the help of God Almighty and adequate seriousness from all the  people of Padhola, we always hope for the best.

****

Hon. Gabriel Obbo-Katandi is Minister for Dhopadhola Development Tieng Adhola Cultural Institution.

This article was written for the 25th Coronation Anniversary magazine

Eight bible stories that will help you become a better person

By Mark Olweny-Omalla

Growing as a person often comes from understanding and embracing the right values. And where better to find those than in the Bible?

The Bible, filled with countless stories, offers insight into human nature, life lessons, and moral guidance.

Each story we read can help us contemplate our actions and behaviors, pushing us to become better versions of ourselves.

In this article, I’ll share eight Bible stories that have personally influenced me to be a better person. These stories aren’t just religious teachings; they’re powerful narratives that can inspire anyone, irrespective of their faith.

So, ready to dive into these transformative tales? Let’s get started.

(1) The story of David and Goliath.

We’ve all heard the phrase “David versus Goliath” used to describe an underdog situation. But have you ever delved deeper into the actual story?

In the Bible, David, a young shepherd boy, decides to confront Goliath, a giant warrior who has been terrifying the Israelites. Armed with just a sling and stones, David defeats Goliath, proving that faith and courage can help us overcome seemingly insurmountable challenges.

This story is more than just an underdog tale. It’s a powerful lesson about courage, belief, and resilience, values that are essential for personal growth.

By embracing these values in our own lives, we can face our challenges head-on, no matter how daunting they may seem.

Remember, it’s not about the size of the challenge, but the strength of your belief and determination. Like David, we have the potential to overcome any Goliath in our lives.

(2) The story of the Good Samaritan.

The story of the Good Samaritan is one that has personally impacted my life. It’s a tale about a man who, against all societal norms and expectations, helps a stranger in need.

In the story, the Samaritan comes across a man who has been beaten and left for dead on the road. Despite their cultural differences and the potential danger, the Samaritan stops to help when others had passed him by.

I’ve found myself reflecting on this story during times when it’s easier to look away from someone in need. It reminds me that kindness isn’t about convenience, it’s about compassion.

A few years ago, while I was working with United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), I came across a homeless, but normal man in the outskirts of Juba, during a particularly rainy and cold day. I could have easily driven past him, like so many others did. But remembering the story of the Good Samaritan, I decided to stop. I offered him a lift (despite UN vehicle use restrictions), gave him meals and helped him find a shelter nearby UN Camp for three weeks, before he could find some relatives to stay with.

The story of the Good Samaritan teaches us to cross boundaries, break norms, and extend our hand to those in need. It’s helped me become more compassionate and considerate, and I hope it does the same for you.

(3) The story of Jonah and the Whale.

The narrative of Jonah and the Whale is a captivating tale of disobedience, repentance, and God’s mercy. When God instructs Jonah to go to Nineveh and warn its people of their impending doom due to their wicked ways, Jonah attempts to flee in the opposite direction. The result? He ends up in the belly of a great fish, where he remains for three days and nights.

During this time, Jonah prays for forgiveness and promises to obey God’s commands in the future. God, in His mercy, commands the fish to spit Jonah out onto dry land.

This story serves as a reminder about the importance of obedience, reflection, and repentance. It shows us that running away from our responsibilities doesn’t solve our problems; instead, it often leads to more complicated situations.

In an intriguing twist, Nineveh – a city renowned for its wickedness – heeds Jonah’s warning and repents, thereby avoiding destruction. This showcases that change is possible, no matter how deep-seated our flaws may seem.

(4) The story of Ruth and Naomi.

The story of Ruth and Naomi is a beautiful testament to loyalty, love, and the power of commitment. After the death of their husbands, Naomi decides to return to her homeland. She urges her daughters-in-law, Orpah and Ruth, to stay in their homeland and start a new life. Orpah heeds Naomi’s advice, but Ruth refuses to leave Naomi’s side.

Ruth’s famous words, “Where you go, I will go; where you lodge, I will lodge; your people shall be my people, and your God my God,” reflect an astonishing level of devotion and loyalty.

Ruth’s loyalty pays off. She remarries in Naomi’s homeland, providing a secure future for both of them. Her great-grandson is none other than King David, making Ruth an ancestor of Jesus Christ.

This story imparts the importance of loyalty and commitment to family. It shows us that our actions have long-term consequences and can significantly impact not just our lives but those around us as well.

(5) The story of the Prodigal Son.

The parable of the Prodigal Son touches the heart like few other stories can. It’s a tale of a father’s unwavering love for his wayward son and the beauty of forgiveness.

The younger of two sons asks for his inheritance early, squanders it in reckless living, and finds himself in dire straits. In his desolation, he returns home, prepared to beg his father to accept him as a servant. Instead, his father welcomes him back with open arms, rejoicing that his lost son has returned.

This story resonates deeply with anyone who’s made mistakes and yearned for acceptance and forgiveness. The father’s love in this story is a reflection of God’s love for us – unconditional and everlasting.

It’s a powerful reminder that no mistake is too big to be forgiven, and it’s never too late to seek redemption. We, too, can learn to forgive like the father in the parable, embracing those who have wronged us with understanding and compassion.

(6) The story of Job.

The story of Job is a profound exploration of faith in the face of immense suffering. Job, a prosperous and righteous man, loses everything – his wealth, his children, and his health. Yet, he refuses to curse God and holds onto his faith.

There was a time in my life when I felt overwhelmed by loss of my mother at my tender age and later, my father too. Much like Job, I found myself questioning why such hardships were befalling me. In these moments, I turned to the story of Job for solace and strength.

Job’s unwavering faith despite his sufferings taught me the power of perseverance and belief. It showed me that even in our darkest hours, holding onto faith can guide us through. It also taught me that it’s okay to question and seek understanding during our trials.

The tale of Job is a reminder that faith isn’t just about rejoicing in blessings only, but also about remaining steadfast during adversities. It’s about finding hope amid despair and light in the darkest corners.

(7) The story of Esther.

The story of Esther is an inspiring tale of courage, faith, and strategic wisdom. Esther, a Jewish girl, becomes the Queen of Persia. When she learns about a plan to annihilate all Jews in the kingdom, she risks her life to save her people.

Esther’s bravery in standing up for her people, even at the risk of her own life, is a powerful example for us all. It shows us that courage isn’t the absence of fear, but the decision that something else is more important than fear.

Moreover, the story of Esther encourages us to use our positions, whatever they may be, to stand up for what is right and to protect those who are helpless. It’s a reminder that we all have a role to play in making the world a better place.

(8) The story of Jesus’ Resurrection.

The resurrection of Jesus Christ is the cornerstone of Christian faith and one of the most transformative stories in the Bible. After being crucified, Jesus rises from the dead, symbolizing victory over sin and death.

This event isn’t just a religious miracle; it’s a testament to the power of hope, renewal, and triumph over adversity. It affirms that no matter how dire the circumstances, there’s always a possibility for redemption and resurrection.

The resurrection story encourages us to persevere through our struggles, knowing that they are not the end but a pathway to a new beginning. It teaches us that with faith, hope, and love, we can overcome any adversity life throws our way.

Final reflection: The power of stories.

At the heart of every Bible story, there is a human experience that transcends time and culture. Each narrative holds a mirror to our lives, reflecting our struggles, triumphs, weaknesses, and strengths.

Through the lives of David, Ruth, Job, Esther and others, we get glimpses of courage, loyalty, perseverance, and faith. They teach us that we too can overcome our Goliaths, remain loyal in the face of adversity, hold onto faith in times of despair, and stand up for what’s right.

In the resurrection of Jesus Christ, we find hope for renewal and triumph over adversity. It assures us that no matter how dire our circumstances may be, there’s always a possibility for redemption and resurrection.

These eight Bible stories above are not just tales from an ancient book; they are lessons for life. And as we apply these lessons to our own lives, we become not just better individuals but also contributors to a better world.

So as you move forward, remember these lessons. Reflect on them in times of challenge and change. Let them guide you to become the best version of yourself. After all, the power to change lies within each one of us.

*****

Mark Olweny Omalla is 2nd Deputy Jago and Koch Clan Leader. This article was written for the 25th Kwar Adhola Coronation anniversary

Jopadhola family in the 21st century: Is it strong, is it changing, Or is it in crisis?

By Mark Olweny-Omalla

A family is traditionally defined as a group consisting of two parents ( a father and a mother) and their children living together as a unit. To belong to family is to feel you have someone who you can count on who shares your joys and problems. It also means to have respect and responsibility for each other. Family is an important word we use to refer to people we love. 

Family was God’s idea. In Gen 1:27, 28, it is said: “God created them, male and female. He blessed them and said, “Be fruitful, increase in number, fill the earth and subdue it”. We are more than conquerors if we work together as family. 

In Padhola, even long before the coming of Christianity and Bible we have been and we are “our brothers’ keepers”, because we value family.

Did you know that? 

• Of all children born in Padhola from early 1990s, about 25% of them are born out of wedlock (marriage) and sometimes their fathers are not known or revealed.

• As much as about 75% of all couples cohabit for some time before marriage. The trend is for people to get formally married later in life. The average age at first marriage for the elite family is about 25 year of age for women and about 30 years for men. 

• Teen pregnancy prevalence has continued to rise in Padhola and generally in Uganda where 25% of all teenage girls have had a child or are pregnant 

• Landscape for children is changing where;

- about 40% of young adults grew up with cohabiting parents 

- 20% of children live with step parents and/or step siblings,  these children have 30% higher chance of developing aggressive behaviour. 

This is clear evidence that the family is changing, but not for the better. In fact the family, in this era, is indeed in crisis. 

Family power dynamics

In families where Dad’s word is a command the boys will grow up to be bossy and the girls may learn to be so submissive that they are almost scared of their husbands and think that is what it is meant to be. Of course there are cases where Mum is “she who must be obeyed”. Where gender roles are strictly prescribed, e.g. child care is a mother’s role, the father may end up being uninvolved or absent in the lives of his children. Where everything is left to the mother, she gets overworked and overwhelmed and is then accused of not paying attention to her husband anymore. When a child is sexually abused in childhood, he or she is likely to sexually abuse children when he or she grows up, and the cycle continues. 

Nature of parents’ relationship

Children who are sure that Mum and Dad love each other grow up into confident, focused and well-adjusted adults. Otherwise they are at the risk of doing drugs and alcohol to escape from the constant anxiety they feel. 

Parenting style – soft or strict parent? 

Some parents give in to whatever demands their children make, under the pretext that they suffered a lot of poverty in their childhood and don’t want their children to suffer a similar experience. They fail to set boundaries and direction for their children. They produce selfish adults who respect no one’s rights except their own. They suffer from “affluenza”. On the other hand parents that are too strict bring up very timid children with very under-developed cognitive abilities, since they never need to think, but only to obey. 

Number of children

On the one hand having a large number of siblings could develop the children’s collaborative and sharing skills. But, it can also result in clique formation, Siblings infighting and in many cases inadequacy of the essentials of life, such as food. This may lead to much anxiety. 

An absentee parent

A young single parent recently testified  that she cannot spend quality time with her son since her job is very demanding . She had ended up sending the child to boarding school. Parental absenteeism denies the children a chance to learn moral values and life skills from parents. The son of a friend of mine committed suicide and in the father’s lamentation he blamed his son’s death on his own pre-occupation with matters of state and ignoring the needs on his son, growing up. Parents, when our children are young they crave for our love and attention, but when they grow up we crave their Love and attention. Woe to you if you were not there when they needed you. They will also not be there when you need them. 

Family events and how they affect family members

• Unfaithfulness. Children are revolted when they find out, but they too will grow up to behave in a similar manner 

• Divorce. Divorce deeply destabilizes the children. Their love and loyalty to both of you is divided. Someone once wondered, “why we, adults, expect our children to deal with issues that we couldn’t handle?”

• Unemployment. It threatens the family as the husband/father’s sense of self-worth is shattered. That makes it very difficult, if not impossible, for him to play his family roles as its Head.. 

• Domestic violence . Whatever the reason for domestic violence is, it is bad and must be condemned in the strongest terms possible. The only way to impress your wife with how strong you are is to challenge Golola to dual at the wrestling ring. Fighting someone who is obviously weaker than you is hypocrisy and can appear to be a pre-emptive strike against someone you are afraid of. 

• Mental and physical health difficulties are probably what God had in mind when he required us to vow, “in sickness and in good health or for better or for worse”. Marriage is not always just a bed of roses. The roses often come with their painfully piercing thorns. 

****

Mark Olweny-Omalla is the 2nd Deputy Jago and Koch Clan Leader.

This article was written to mark the 25th Coronation anniversary of Kwar Adhola

Nyasigala – the cradle of Tieng Adhola

 

Swearing in of first TACI cabinet as Kwar Adhola
looks on in background in 1999

By Mark Olweny-Omalla

Right from the pre-colonial days, Jopadhola were in clustered communities and their clans headed by clan leaders. There were more or less uniform patterns of value, norms, customs and traditions across the board.

Each community, clan or family had well-established all-embracing cultural and social norms that regulated the behaviour, character and conduct of everyone. Family heads, elders, neighbours and/or clan leaders applied their socially accepted norms to ensure compliancy. Disciplinary measures, sanctions, etc. were regularly taken against defaulters by the community or clan leaders/council for any offense committed, as well as, rewarding any bravery or courage exhibited by anyone.

The Jopadhola voluntarily took or accepted communal responsibility to sustain those values, custom, traditions, cultural aspirations and therefore communally and collectively rejected deviant behaviour character and conduct not appropriate. Overseeing all this, was a the head of community or clan.

However, the following unfolding phenomena, negatively influenced or diluted the long traditions, customs and culture;

a.   The coming of Christian Missionary doctrines. The introduction of  the Anglican faith in 1877 and Roman Catholic faith in 1879 in addition to Islam earlier in 1844, all of which  spread to Padhola around the 1918s,  divided converts along those religious denominations. The coverts engaged in vigorous crusades to win fellowship for themselves, gradually distorting the underlying values of unity, tolerance, generosity, peaceful coexistence, harmony, respect which the Jopadhola had enjoyed over a long period of time. Members of the same community, clan or family started identifying themselves along different religious lines. The ultimate result was that even brothers who belonged to different religious sects could not share an idea or social problems or even food. A child from a Catholic family would have to travel several miles away, even passing an Anglican school to study in a Catholic school and vice-versa.

b.  Colonization and spread of Buganda Administration. In 1894, Buganda was proclaimed a British Protectorate and in the years that followed other ethnic committees, Jopadhola inclusive, were herded together through military conquest and/or administrative coercion, annexation into a colonial government structure to form Uganda. This despite difference in languages, culture, social value and set up.

c.   The pre-independence political parties were started and sustained along religious sects. For instance, the Democratic Party (DP) was generally believed to be predominantly for Catholics while the Uganda Peoples Congress (UPC) were for Anglicans. Consequently and empirically, the members of different political and religious groups in Padhodla became hostile to one another. A DP supporter could not be entertained in the house of a UPC supporter even when they were brothers or blood relatives.

d.  The Lakwena civil war and elements of the Force Obote Back Again (FOBA) pitted Jopadhola against each other because of either support or no support for those rebellions after the advent of the NRM administration in 1986.

e.   The memories remained of the Bukedi Tax grievances rebellion of way back 1960 which pitted the colonial chiefs against the peasant class; when properties of the then chiefs and their stooges were destroyed.

Due to these circumstances and many others not mentioned, several leaders sought ways of invigorating meaningful unity, cultivating peace, harmony and development within Padhola.

An opportunity emerged when in the 1995 constitution, Article 246, provided for the formation and establishment of institutions of cultural and traditional leadership across the country.

The idea of an umbrella Cultural Institution for Padhola also was immediately floated.

Roger Jassa Kwero (RIP) who was a Clan Leader of Loli at that time, mooted the idea which planned to share with other clan leaders.

On Saturday 17th August 1996, he convened a meeting of willing Clan Leaders at his home at Nyasigala in Mulanda Sub-county. This first meeting that was attended by 39 Clan Leaders, unanimously nominated him as the Interim Leader and the participants universally resolved to establish Adhola Cultural Institution (ACI). This was later modified to be TIENG ADHOLA CULTURAL INSTITUTION (TACI).

Many questioned his motives, many opposed him, but he remained steadfast.

It is sufficient to say that he triumphed mainly with support of Yolam Obbo Pegele and many of us who were his peers.

Consultation meetings followed at Mahanga Secondary School at Nagongera, Shimon Teachers’ Training College in Kampala.

Smaller groups of Organising Committee members frequently met at the Crested Towers Restaurant in Kampala and Tororo. All this later culminated in a Grand Meeting of representatives of 52 clans, at which the reigning Kwar Adhola, Moses Stephen Owor was elected.

On that historical day, I attended that meeting as Koch Clan Leader as well as a representative of Jopadhola working and living in Kampala.

During the meeting, I conveyed one important message from Kampala - It was urging the delegates to select the best suited, and not simple elect, any aspiring candidate.

In Dhopadhola, I said, Wangini rume, wayeri wini, wakiri wa dimi. I explained the true meaning of Yero as opposed to Dimo.

It emerged that there were three confident aspiring candidates; Mr. Rogers Jassa Kwero, Mr. Moses Stephen Owor and Mr. Owor Kaburu.

The late Akisofer Ogolla requested me to play the role of Shuttle Diplomat, to consult and harmonize with supporters of each candidate in order to thwart the divisive and sectarian rivalry and cool tempers associated with elections. I indeed moved from camp to camp consulting with all in order to generate consensus on the most suitable candidate.

When we finally entered the Council Hall again,  there were whispers of consensus, unanimous agreement to have only one candidate nominated and I communicated my findings to Akisoferi Ogolla (RIP), the Clan Leader of Kijwala wod’Akwoyo.

He expressed his pleasure and immediately nominated Mr. Moses Stephen Owor, the Bendo Clan Leader.

He was seconded by Zachar Ochieng Odoi (RIP). Immediately, Mr. Yolamu Obbo Pegele, Ddee Clan Leader, rose up and proposed that Nominations be closed and there was unanimous applause that marked the election of Kwar Adhola Moses Stephen Owor who has wisely, successfully and steadily championed Unity, Peace and Development that Padhola is experiencing to date. (CLICK HERE TO READ Kwar Owor Moses Owor profile)

Kwar Adhola  at his coronation ceremony, flanked by
 Adha Adhola Min Wengi and Obbo Makola.
 The historic and memorable event took place in King George V stadium in Tororo Town on the 7th August 1999. After a cultural ritual performed by a one Opeti Obieto (now the late), His Grace Yona Okoth (RIP) the then Archbishop of the Church of Uganda prayed over the new cultural head. Hon Moses Ali then 2nd Deputy Prime Minister represented the Uganda government .

From August 1996 to August 1999, Rogers Jassa Kwero (RIP) distinguished himself as an assertive Jago/Prime Minister of Tieng Adhola Cultural Institution.

Diplomacy, hard work and integrity were the attributes of Jassa Kwero, an example of a Japadhola who does not use power as a village tool for domination and self-aggrandisement.

Jassa Kwero is one of the unsung heroes of Padhola who deserves a place in our hearts for generations to come. 

Jassa Kwero, the First Jago/Prime Minster was a fine leader and light that Padhola continues to remember.

*****

Mark Olweny Omalla is 2nd Deputy Jago and Koch Clan Leader & a Rogers Jassa Kwero peer and comrade.

This article was written to mark the 25th Coronation anniversary of Kwar Adhola in August 2024

To be in your children’s memory tomorrow, you have to be in their lives today

 

Kwar Adhola interacting with children. Children grow to cherish 
what they do when loved and cared for

By Mark Olweny-Omalla

While there is little you can do about your ancestors, there is something that you can do about your descendants. One thing that prevents a man from being a good father is that he hasn’t completed being a boy.

To be in your children’s memory tomorrow, you have to be in their lives today. Having children doesn’t make you a father. Raising them does.

There are many of us who were raised up in unstable families, but we don’t have to pass it on to our children. We don’t have to fight in the presence of our children. We can choose to shield their emotions from our disputes as adults.

To a large extent, you are a product of your early relationships. Unstable parents create insecure children. Stable parents raise stable children. Children need affection (hugs), attention (listening) and affirmation (positive words), every day.

When a man loves his wife, it creates security and stability. The best gift a father can give his children is to love their mother. Children learn how to handle feelings, losses, failure and conflicts at home.

Regrettably, parenting can neither be delegated nor suspended for a while as we work for the ring of fame and fortune. The growth of children is irreversible. Like a young tree, it takes the bends directed by the gardener, so is the life of a child. You can’t shape it in adulthood; you can’t pick it from where you left after you reach the top in your career pursuits. It’s always easier to model young boys than to rehabilitate grown up men.

No amount of gifts and meeting financial obligations can replace your personal presence. Any written WILL can be torn in a few years after the demise of the writer of the will. The only sure inheritance that you can leave behind is the investment you make in your child, not for your child.

Here are twelve strategies that will help you become a more authoritative parent:

1.  Listen to your child

Unlike authoritarian parents, who believe children should be seen and not heard, authoritative parents welcome their children’s opinions. So whether your child is telling you the same joke for the tenth time, or he’s sharing a long-winded story, be a good listener. Giving your child positive attention goes a long way toward preventing behaviour problems.

 

2.  Validate Your Child’s Emotions

Authoritative parents acknowledge their children’s feelings. So the next time your child is upset, resist minimizing your child’s feelings by saying, “stop crying, there’s no reason to get upset.” To him, it might be a big deal. Instead, Validate his emotions by saying, “I know you are really sad right now.” Correct his behaviour, not his emotions. Tell him it’s OK to feel angry, but give him consequences for that action.

 

3.  Consider Your Child’s Feelings

Being authoritative means taking your child’s feelings into consideration. That doesn’t mean, however, that your child gets an equal vote - that would constitute permissive parenting. So if you’re planning to move across the country, ask him how he feels about the move - but don’t ask him if it’s OK if you move. They feel more secure when they know adults know best.

 

4.  Establish Clear Rules.

Authoritative parents have clear household rules and they explain the reasons behind their rules. So rather than saying, “Go to sleep because I said so, “say, “Go to sleep so that you can help your body and brain growth.” When your child understands the reasons behind your rules, he’ll likely follow the rules when you aren’t there to enforce them.

5.  Offer One Warning for Minor Issues

Authoritative parents give immediate consequences for rule violations. But for minor issues, they offer a warning. They tell children what the consequence will be if they don’t change their behaviour.

6.  Use Consequences That Teach Life Lessons

Authoritative parents don’t make kids suffer for their mistakes. They avoid shaming children and they don’t use corporal punishment. They don’t say things like, “I’m so disappointed in you”. They help a child see he made a bad choice, but he’s not a bad person.

7.  Offer Incentives

Authoritative parents use rewards to motivate children. When a child is struggling with a specific behaviour problem, they use incentives to help a child get back on track.

 

8.  Let Your Child Make Little Choices

Authoritative parents give options over little choices. This empowers kids and will prepare them to make bigger decisions later in life. So ask your child, “Do you want to clean your room before or after dinner?” The key is to make sure you can live with either choice.

9.  Balance Freedom with Responsibility

Authoritative parents expect their kids to be responsible and they set them up for success. An example:

·      A child often forgets to pack all of the items she needs for school. Her parents create a checklist for her. Provide extra support initially, but make sure that your child isn’t becoming more dependent on you to tell him what to do.

10.             Turn mistakes into learning opportunities.

Authoritative parents don’t embarrass kids for making mistakes. So when your child makes a mistake, explain why her behaviour was a bad choice.

11.             Encourage Self-Discipline

Don’t calm your child down every time he’s upset. Teach him how to calm himself down. And don’t nag your child to do his chores. Help him become more responsible for getting his work done on his own.

12.             Maintain A Healthy Relationship with Your Child

Authoritative parenting isn’t about barking orders. Instead, it’s about being a good role model and teaching kids life skills.

Unlike authoritarian parents, authoritative parents are warm and loving. Set aside a few minutes every day to give your child your undivided attention – even on the days when they behave badly.  

 

*****

Mark Olweny Omalla is 2^nd Deputy Jago and Koch Clan Leader